Lymphoma is a type of cancer that begins in the immune system’s infection-fighting cells, known as lymphocytes. These cells can be found in the lymph nodes, spleen, thymus, bone marrow, and other organs. Lymphocytes change and grow uncontrollably in lymphoma patients. However, tumours are classified as benign (noncancerous) or malignant (cancerous). Benign tumours grow slowly and spread infrequently. While malignant tumours have the ability to spread throughout the body, invade and destroy normal tissues nearby, and grow rapidly.
The characteristics of benign and malignant tumours differ. Some of these properties help doctors diagnose tumours more easily. Here’s how you can determine if you fall under the benign or malignant category:
Benign Tumours
- Grows slowly
- Does not invade other areas of the body
- Have smooth, distinct borders
- Does not invade surrounding tissues or organs
Malignant Tumours
- Can invade surrounding tissue or organs
- Can expand rapidly
- Spreads to other areas of the body
- Irregular borders
Benign tumours are rarely a problem. However, they can grow large and compress nearby structures, causing pain or other medical complications. For example, a large benign lung tumour could compress the trachea (windpipe) and make breathing difficult. This would necessitate surgical removal right away. Benign tumours are unlikely to recur once removed. Two common types of benign tumours are uterine fibroids and skin lipomas.
Certain benign tumours can progress to malignant tumours. These are being closely monitored and may need to be surgically removed. Colon polyps, for example, can become cancerous and must be surgically removed.
Malignant tumour cells proliferate uncontrollably and spread locally and/or to distant sites. Malignant tumours are cancerous tumours. They spread through the bloodstream or the lymphatic system to other parts of the body. This is known as metastasis. Metastasis can occur anywhere in the body, but the liver, lungs, brain, and bone are the most commonly affected.
Malignant tumours can spread quickly and must be treated to keep them from spreading further. Surgery, possibly with chemotherapy or radiotherapy, is the most likely treatment if detected early. Systemic treatment, such as chemotherapy or immunotherapy, is likely if the cancer has spread.
While many growths and tumours are benign, it’s still a good idea to seek help from Glojas experts to get it removed as soon as you notice a growth or new symptoms that could indicate a tumour. This includes skin lesions and unusually shaped moles.
It’s also critical to see our experts if you notice any changes in a previously diagnosed benign tumour, such as growth or a change in symptoms. Some benign tumours can develop into cancerous tumours over time, and early detection can make all the difference.
Clients are encouraged to contact Glojas directly for a free initial consultation. Our experienced consultants will gladly provide assistance and advice on how to approach your specific challenge.